中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (2): 211-217.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1509

• 药物控释材料 drug delivery materials • 上一篇    下一篇

正交设计优化万古霉素/聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物微球的制备及体外药物释放

刘亚珍1,邱晓明1,2,李松凯2   

  1. 1甘肃省人民医院,甘肃省兰州市 730000;2兰州总医院骨科中心,甘肃省兰州市 730000
  • 收稿日期:2018-05-21 出版日期:2019-01-18 发布日期:2019-01-18
  • 通讯作者: 李松凯,博士,副主任医师,兰州总医院骨科中心,甘肃省兰州市 730000
  • 作者简介:刘亚珍,女,1965年生,北京市人,汉族,甘肃省中医药大学毕业,主管护师,主要从事耳鼻喉细菌感染及耐药研究。
  • 基金资助:

    甘肃省自然科学基金资助项目(1308RJZA146,项目负责人:李松凯);全军医药卫生科研基金课题(CLZ14JB03,项目负责人:李松凯)

Orthogonal optimization of vancomycin/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres: preparation and drug release in vitro

Liu Yazhen1, Qiu Xiaoming1, 2, Li Songkai2   

  1. 1Gansu Province People’s Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China; 2 Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou Military Region General Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
  • Received:2018-05-21 Online:2019-01-18 Published:2019-01-18
  • Contact: Li Songkai, MD, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou Military Region General Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
  • About author:Liu Yazhen, Nurse-in-charge, Gansu Province People’s Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province, No. 1308RJZA146 (to LSK); the PLA Medical and Health Research Fund Project, No. CLZ14JB03 (to LSK)

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

文题释义:
聚乳酸-羟基乙酸属于聚乳酸类共聚物,被美国食品药品监督管理局批准并成为了多种药物的缓释载体,广泛应用于商业及实验研究,具有良好的生物相容性、机械强度、可控的生物降解性。在降解过程中转变为乳酸和羟基乙酸,在体内无蓄积毒副作用。
万古霉素:是一线糖肽类抗生素,是对付顽固性耐药菌株的最后一道防线。基于它可直接阻断细菌细胞壁的合成而抑菌的特点,局部给药不仅能发挥其抗菌作用,还能大幅减少全身不良反应。
 
 
背景:尽管现代抗生素和外科技术进步巨大,但在治疗如深部软组织感染或骨感染,特别是耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌感染时,全身长期应用抗生素治疗容易出现肾毒性、耳毒性和胃肠道等毒副作用,且费用昂贵,疗效不确定。而局部给药系统可以在感染局部实现持续释放高浓度的抗生素,从而更有效的控制和治疗感染,明显降低全身抗生素治疗的毒副作用。将万古霉素用聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物包载成微球后,随着微球在体内逐渐降解、吸收,可在感染处长时间维持有效抑菌浓度,实现局部抗感染作用。
目的:用正交设计实验对万古霉素/聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物微球的制备工艺进行优选,制备出粒径均匀的万古霉素聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物缓释微球,同时检测其体外药物释放及抑菌性能。
方法:用复乳溶剂挥发法,以微球载药率和包封率为主要考察指标,对不同的聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物溶液浓度、内水相药物浓度、外水相聚乙烯醇浓度、搅拌转速4个工艺条件进行四因素三水平的正交实验。

结果与结论:最佳工艺条件为油相9 mL:聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物 500 mg、内水相1 mL:万古霉素300 mg、外水相:聚乙烯醇溶液浓度为3%、转速400 r/min;其他三因素不变,搅拌速率为400,800,1 200 r/min时制备出了粒径(232±26) µm、(157±23) µm、(102±37) µm的微球;选用平均粒径为(102±37) µm的微球,测定其载药率为(17.40±1.87)%;包封率为(35.12±3.65)%,体外药物释放显示微球在第1天药物释放率为(17.91±2.41)%,有一定突释,2 d后释放率逐渐降低放缓,12 d时累计释放(58.78±1.54)%,12-24 d平均每天释放1.41%,于24 d时累计释放(75.31±1.02)%。说明采用最佳工艺可制备粒径均匀药物释放平稳的万古霉素/聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物缓释微球。

ORCID: 0000-0002-9200-2390(李松凯)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 万古霉素, 聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物, 微球, 正交, 载药率, 包封率, 药物释放, 体外抑菌, 生物材料

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Despite the advances in modern antibiotics and surgical techniques, the long-term systemic use of antibiotics for deep soft tissue infections or bone infections, especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections, is susceptible to nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity and toxic and side effects on the gastrointestinal tract. Moreover, it is expensive and its efficacy is uncertain. The local drug delivery system can achieve sustained-release of high concentrations of antibiotics in the local infection, thereby more effectively controlling and treating infections, and significantly reducing the side effects of systemic antibiotic treatment. Vancomycin is encapsulated into poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) copolymer microspheres carrying vancomycin are gradually degraded and absorbed in the body, and the effective inhibitory concentration of vancomycin can be maintained for a long time at the infection site to achieve local anti-infection effects.

OBJECTIVE: To optimize the preparation process of vancomycin/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres by orthogonal design experiments, then to prepare the vancomycin/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) sustained-release microspheres with uniform particle size, and to test their drug release and antibacterial properties in vitro at the same time.
METHODS: Using double-emulsion solvent evaporation method, taking the drug loading rate and entrapment efficiency of microspheres as the main indicators, the orthogonal experiments of four factors and three levels were carried out under four different process conditions, including the concentration of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) solution, the concentration of internal water phase, the polyvinyl alcohol concentration of external water phase and the speed of agitation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The optimum conditions were as follows: oil phase 9 mL: poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) 500 mg, internal water phase 1 mL vancomycin 300 mg, external water phase: polyvinyl alcohol concentration was 3%, the speed: 400 r/min. When the other three factors were unchanged and the stirring rate was 400, 800 and 1 200 r/min, the microspheres with the particle size of (232±26), (157±23), (102±37) µm were prepared. For the microspheres with an average particle size of (102±37) µm, the drug loading rate was (17.40±1.87)% and the entrapment efficiency was (35.12±3.65)%. The drug release in vitro showed that the release rate of the microspheres on the 1st day was (17.91±2.41)%, and there was a certain burst of release. After 2 days, the release rate gradually decreased and slowed down, the cumulative release was (58.78±1.54)% at the 12th day, the average daily release was 1.41% from the 12th to the 24th day, and the total release was (75.31±1.02)% at the 24th day. These findings indicate that using the optimal preparation process, we can prepare vancomycin/ poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) sustained-release microspheres with uniform particle size and smooth drug release.  

Key words: Vancomycin Resistance, Microspheres, Tissue Engineering

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